Sunday, February 10, 2008

Gene Map


Gene Map~ diagram showing the reletive locations of each known gene on a praticular chromosome.

Crossing Over


Crossing-Over~ Homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis.

Tetrad


Tetrad~ Structure containing 4 chromatids that forms during meiosis.

Meiosis


Meiosis~ Process by which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through the separation of homologous chromosomes in a diploid cell.

Diploid


Diploid~Term used to refer to a cell the contains both sets of homologous chromosomes.
Haploid~ Term used to refer to a cell that conatains one set of chromosomes.

Homologous


Homologous~ Term used to refer to chromosomes tgat each have a corresponding chromosome from the opposite-sex parent.

Genotype

Genotype~ genetic makeup of an organsim.

Phenotype


Phenotype~ Phsical charactersitics of an organism.

Heterozygous


Heterozygous~ Term used to refer to an organism that has two different alleles for a trait.

Homozygous


Homozygous~Term used to refer to an organsim that has two identical alleles for a praticular trait.

Punnett Square


Punnett Square~ Diagram showing the gene combinations that might result from a genetic cross.

Probabiltiy


Probability~Likely hood that a praticular event will occur.

Gamete


Gamete~ Specialized cell involved in sexual reproduction.

Segregation

Segregation~Separartion of alleles during gamete formation.

Allele


Allele~One of a number of different forms of a gene.

Gene


Gene~ Sequences of DNA that codes for a protein and thus deteremines a trait.

Hybrid

Hybrid~ Offspring of crosses between parents with different traits.

Trait


Trait~ Specific characteristic that varies from one individual to another.

True-Breeding


True-Breeding~ Term used to describe organisms that produce offspring identical to themselvesif allowed to pollinate.

Friday, February 8, 2008

Chapter Eleven Vocabulary


Genetics- Scientific study of heredity.